The Midwest–Too Much Rain

An increase in rainfall is a recognized consequence of climate change across various regions globally. As the planet continues to warm, the atmosphere retains more moisture, resulting in more frequent and intense precipitation events. This is not only backed up by observation, but is supported by scientific understanding that predicts a rise in precipitation levels due to the changing climate. Such changes in rainfall patterns have widespread implications– affecting ecosystems, agriculture, infrastructure, and human livelihoods. Increased rainfall can lead to flooding, erosion, and landslides, causing damage to infrastructure and disrupting ecosystems. Further, these environmental impacts can have widespread economic consequences, including property damage, agricultural losses, and increased costs for disaster response and recovery efforts, affecting communities and economies globally.

Currently, many farmers in the midwest are facing these challenges, as there has been a 10% increase in spring rainfall in the Midwest in the past 3 decades. By mid century, 2050, there is a predicted additional 8-20% increase in this spring rainfall, which will continue to have negative ramifications. Southern Ohio, northern Kentucky and large swaths of Indiana are the main victims, and the sporadic nature of ideal fieldwork days is noted, requiring long hours and continuous efforts to capitalize on shorter windows of opportunity. These challenges are leading to significant revenue losses and operational strain, prompting farmers to adapt their planting methods and work schedules to mitigate risks and maximize efficiency. Another challenge being faced from this is managing water, which can lead to soil erosion. Utilizing techniques such as tile drainage, which removes excess water from fields, is common among larger farms. However, this method can also risk soil dehydration if summer rains are insufficient.

Some public policy responses could include insurance programs for crop losses, research into climate-resilient farming practices, infrastructure investments for better water management, financial support for adaptation measures, educational initiatives for farmers, and incentives for sustainable practices. These measures aim to mitigate the economic and environmental impacts of excess rainfall on agricultural operations, ensuring the resilience of farming communities in the face of changing weather patterns.